Multi-Gigabit-Netzwerk am Mac: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen
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5 oder 10 GbE (5GBASE-T, 10GBASE-T, 10G SFP+ …) kann man inzwischen komfortabel am Mac betreiben. | Wer denkt, dass Gigabit schon ganz gut schnell ist, hat vielleicht übersehen, dass nicht zu teure SSDs des Jahres 2024 etwa 7 GBytes/s übertragen, per Gigabit-Ethernet aber nur 0,1 GBytes/s drin sind. Da fehlt mehr als eine ganze Dezimalstelle. Wer also professionell oder zum Spaß gerne eine schnellere Datenübertragung möchte, hat inzwischen einige Optionen, mit denen man für etwa 100€ immerhin 1 GBytes/s erreicht (10 GBit/s), für etwa 400€ dann knapp 4 GBytes/s (40 GBit/s). Und am neuen Mac Pro sind für etwa 900€ dann knapp 10 GBytes/s Netwerkdurchsatz drin. | ||
= tl;dr: Kauftipp = | |||
Thunderbolt 3/4-Gehäuse plus Mellanox/Nvidia ConnectX-4/5/6-Karten (25/50/100 GBit/s, QSFP). Die Karten werden ab macOS Sonoma (14.x) nativ von macOS unterstützt. Mehr als 25 GBit/s sind Stand 2024 nicht drin, daher lohnen die „großen“ Karten mit 50 oder gar 100 GBit/s nicht im externen Gehäuse, sondern nur im Mac Pro. | |||
{{Graph:Chart|width=800|height=200|xAxisTitle=|yAxisTitle=GBit/s | |||
|type=rect|x=HDD,SSD SATA,SSD NVMe|y=1,5,40}} | |||
= Direktverbindung per Thunderbolt ohne Netzwerk-Switches oder -Karten = | |||
Außer Netzwerkkarten zu kaufen, kann man Macs per Thunderbolt-Kabel auch direkt miteinander verbinden, Software-seitig sieht das dann wie eine 10 GBit/s Verbindung aus, und wird wie ein normales Ethernet-Interface im Netzwerk-Kontrollfeld konfiguriert. Wer also max. 5 Macs mit einander verbinden möchte, braucht weder Karten, noch Switches kaufen, sondern kann mit 4 Thunderbolt-Kabeln eine Verbindung herstellen. | |||
Von Apple angeboten wird der „Thunderbolt 3 (USB-C) to Thunderbolt 2"-Adapter, Model A1790, der bidirektional Thunderbolt3-nach-Thunderbolt2 adaptiert. Man kann damit Thunderbolt1/2-Geräte mit Thunderbolt-3-Geräten verbinden. | |||
= Netzwerk-Optionen = | |||
2.5 bis 100 GbE (5GBASE-T, 10GBASE-T, 10G SFP+ …) kann man inzwischen komfortabel am Mac unter macOS / Mac OS X betreiben. 25GBE und 40GbE brauchen qua I/O–Bandbreite einen Mac Pro oder Thunderbolt 3 oder neuer für volle Auslastung, 100GbE geht nur am Mac Pro, da bei Thunderbolt 3 bei 40 GBit/s Schluss ist. | |||
= I/O-Bandbreiten verschiedener Macs = | |||
Übersicht der verfügbaren Schnittstellen-Bandbreiten, die ggfs. limitierender Faktor für Netzwerkkarten sind. Aufgenommen sind Modelle ab 2014, außer bei den Mac Pros, die alle aufgeführt sind. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="4"|Modell | |||
!rowspan="4"|Jahr(e) | |||
!rowspan="4"|Ethernet ab Werk bis zu | |||
!colspan="15"|Schnittstelle ⌁ Generation ⌁ GBit/s ⌁ Lanes | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="4"|Thunderbolt | |||
!colspan="11"|PCIe | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
!1 | |||
!2 | |||
!3 | |||
!4 | |||
!colspan="3"|1.x | |||
!colspan="2"|2.x | |||
!colspan="3"|3.x | |||
!4.0 | |||
!5.0 | |||
!6.0 | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
! 10 | |||
! 20 | |||
!colspan="2"|40 | |||
! 2.5<br>(×1) | |||
! 10<br>(×4) | |||
! 40<br>(×16) | |||
! 20<br>(×4) | |||
! 80<br>(×16) | |||
! 39<br>(×4) | |||
! 78<br>(×8) | |||
! 150<br>(×16) | |||
! 310<br>(×16) | |||
! 630<br>(×16) | |||
! 1200<br>(×16) | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Mac Pro<br>1,1 & 2,1 | |||
|2006-2007 | |||
|2× 1 GBit/s | |||
|colspan="4" align="center|– | |||
|align="center|1× | |||
|align="center|2×¹ | |||
|align="center|1× | |||
|colspan="2" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Mac Pro<br>3,1 | |||
|2008 | |||
|2× 1 GBit/s | |||
|colspan="4" align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|2× | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|2× | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Mac Pro<br>4,1 & 5,1 | |||
|2009-2012 | |||
|2× 1 GBit/s | |||
|colspan="4" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|align="center|2× | |||
|align="center|2× | |||
|colspan="3" align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Mac Pro<br>6,1 | |||
|2013 | |||
|2× 1 GBit/s | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|6ײ | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="2" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Mac Pro<br>7,1 | |||
|2019 | |||
|2× 10 GBit/s | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|6× | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="2" align="center |– | |||
|align="center |1× | |||
|align="center |2× | |||
|align="center |5× | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Mac Pro<br>8,x | |||
|2023 | |||
|2× 10 GBit/s | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|8× | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="2" align="center |– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|align="center |6× | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Mac mini<br>7,1 | |||
|2014 | |||
|1 GBit/s | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|2× | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="2" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Mac mini<br>8,1 | |||
|2018 | |||
|10 GBit/s (CTO) | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|4× | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="2" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|iMac<br>14,4 & 15,1 & 16,x & 17,1 | |||
|2014-2015 | |||
|1 GBit/s | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|2× | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="2" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|iMac<br>18,x & 19,x | |||
|2017-2019 | |||
|1 GBit/s | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|2× | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="2" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|iMac<br>20,1 & 20,2 | |||
|2020 | |||
|10 GBit/s (CTO) | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|2× | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="2" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|iMac Pro<br>1,1 | |||
|2017 | |||
|10 GBit/s | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|4× | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="2" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|MacBook Pro<br>11,x | |||
|2014-2015 | |||
|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|1× | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="2" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|MacBook Pro<br>13,x-16,x | |||
|2016-2020 | |||
|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|1-2× | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="2" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|MacBook Air<br>6,x | |||
|2014 | |||
|– | |||
|align="center|1× | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="2" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|MacBook Air<br>7,x | |||
|2015-2017 | |||
|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|1× | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="2" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|MacBook Air<br>8,x (Intel) | |||
|2018-2020 | |||
|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|1× | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="2" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|MacBook<br>8,x-10,x | |||
|2015-2017 | |||
|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="2" align="center|– | |||
|colspan="3" align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|MacBook Air<br>10,1 (M1) | |||
|rowspan=3 |Late 2020 | |||
|rowspan=2 |– | |||
|rowspan=5 align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=5 align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=4 align="center|2× | |||
|rowspan=5 align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=5 colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=5 colspan="2" align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=5 colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=5 align="center |– | |||
|rowspan=5 align="center |– | |||
|rowspan=5 align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|MacBook Pro 13"<br>M1 | |||
|– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Mac mini<br>M1 | |||
|rowspan=2 |10 GBit/s (CTO) | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Mac mini<br>M2 | |||
|rowspan=2 |2022 | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Mac mini<br>M2 Pro | |||
|10 GBit/s (CTO) | |||
|align="center|4× | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Mac Studio (M1 Max) | |||
|rowspan=2 |2022 | |||
|rowspan=2 |10 GBit/s | |||
|rowspan=2 align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=2 align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=1 align="center|4× | |||
|rowspan=2 align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=2 colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=2 colspan="2" align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=2 colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=2 align="center |– | |||
|rowspan=2 align="center |– | |||
|rowspan=2 align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Mac Studio (M1 Ultra) | |||
|align="center|6× | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Mac Studio (M2 Max) | |||
|rowspan=2 |2023 | |||
|rowspan=2 |10 GBit/s | |||
|rowspan=2 align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=2 align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=1 align="center|4× | |||
|rowspan=2 align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=2 colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=2 colspan="2" align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=2 colspan="3" align="center|– | |||
|rowspan=2 align="center |– | |||
|rowspan=2 align="center |– | |||
|rowspan=2 align="center |– | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Mac Studio (M2 Ultra) | |||
|align="center|6× | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
¹: Mac Pro 2006-2007: PCIe-Lanes in Maßen umverteilbar zwischen Slots<br> | |||
²: Mac Pro 2013: pro TB2-Port nicht 20 GBit/s, sondern ~12 GBit/s: zuwenig PCIe-lanes im Chipsatz | |||
= Ab Werk = | = Ab Werk = | ||
… mit 10 | … von Apple mit 2.5 / 5 / 10 GbE-Netzwerk (Ethernet via 8P8C bzw. RJ45) verfügbar sind … | ||
* Mac mini 2018 – kann beim Kauf als CTO mit 10GBASE-T konfiguriert werden | == Mac mini == | ||
* Mac mini 2018 (Core i) – konnte beim Kauf als CTO mit 10GBASE-T konfiguriert werden | |||
* Mac mini 2023 (M1) – konnte beim Kauf als CTO mit 10GBASE-T konfiguriert werden | |||
* Mac mini 2023 (M2) – kann beim Kauf als CTO mit 10GBASE-T konfiguriert werden | |||
* Mac Studio M1 Pro/Max 2022 – 10GBASE-T, 8P8C / RJ45 10 GbE | |||
* Mac Studio M2 Pro/Max 2023 – 10GBASE-T, 8P8C / RJ45 10 GbE | |||
== iMac == | |||
* iMac Pro 2017 – 10GBASE-T, 8P8C / RJ45 10 GbE | * iMac Pro 2017 – 10GBASE-T, 8P8C / RJ45 10 GbE | ||
* iMac 2020 – konnte beim Kauf als CTO mit 10GBASE-T konfiguriert werden | |||
(AQC-107 Chipsatz) | |||
== Mac Pro == | |||
* Mac Pro 2019 – Dual 10GBASE-T, 8P8C / RJ45 10 GbE | * Mac Pro 2019 – Dual 10GBASE-T, 8P8C / RJ45 10 GbE | ||
* Mac Pro 2023 – Dual 10GBASE-T, 8P8C / RJ45 10 GbE | |||
= Karten = | = Karten = | ||
Nachrüsten kann man mit … | Nachrüsten kann man mit … | ||
== 8P8C / RJ45-Buchse-Ethernet-Karten == | |||
✅ : Treiber in macOS ab Werk vorhanden, keine Installation nötig<br> | |||
✓ : Treiber verfügbar, muss installiert werden | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Hersteller!!Modell! | |- | ||
!rowspan="2"|Hersteller!!rowspan="2"|Modell | |||
!colspan="5"|GbE | |||
!rowspan="2"|Anz. Ports | |||
!colspan="12"|Mac OS X- / macOS-Treiber | |||
!rowspan="2"|Strom | |||
!rowspan="2"|Specs | |||
!rowspan="2"|Treiber-DL | |||
!rowspan="2"|Chip!!rowspan="2"|Preis | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
!0,1 | |||
!1 | |||
!2,5 | |||
!5 | |||
!10 | |||
!10.6 | |||
!10.7 | |||
!10.8 | |||
!10.9 | |||
!10.10 | |||
!10.11 | |||
!10.12 | |||
!10.13 | |||
!10.14 | |||
!10.15 | |||
!12 | |||
!13 | |||
|- | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Akitio | ||
| | |AKTPCIE10GB | ||
|align=" | |align="center"|✓ | ||
|align="center" | | |align="center"|✓ | ||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" | |align="center"|✓ | ||
|align="center" | |align="center"|✓ | ||
|align="center" | | |align="center" | 1 | ||
|align="center" | | |align="center" colspan="7"| × | ||
|align="center" colspan="5"| ✅ | |||
| | | | ||
|[https://www. | |[https://www.akitio.com/adapters/10g-pcie-network-card] | ||
| | | | ||
|align="right" | | |AQC-107 | ||
|align="right" | | |||
|- | |- | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Allnet | ||
| | |ALL0138-1-10G-TX | ||
|align=" | |align="center"|✓ | ||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" | 1 | |align="center" | 1 | ||
|align="center" colspan="4"| × | |align="center" colspan="4"| × | ||
|align="center" colspan="3"| ✓ | |align="center" colspan="3"| ✓ | ||
|align="center" colspan="2"| × | |||
|align="center" | ? | |align="center" | ? | ||
|align="center" | ? | |align="center" | ? | ||
|align="center" | ? | |align="center" | ? | ||
|4,5W | |4,5W | ||
|[https:// | |[https://shop.allnet.de/media/pdf/f9/f8/09/137968-Datenblatt_EN.pdf] | ||
|[ | |[ftp://212.18.29.48/ftp/pub/allnet/sonstiges/ALL0138-1-10G-TX/Driver/ALL0138_Driver.zip] | ||
|Tenuti TN4010 | |Tenuti TN4010 | ||
|align="right" | | |align="right" | 129€ | ||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Chelsio | |||
|T520-BT | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|× | |||
|align="center"|× | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" | 2 | |||
|align="center" colspan="7"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="3"| ✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| × | |||
|align="center" | 20W | |||
|[https://www.chelsio.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Adapter-Selector-Card.pdf] | |||
|[https://service.chelsio.com/store2/T5/Network%20Driver%20(NIC)/Mac%20OS%20X/cxgb-1.24.5b0/cxgb-1.24.5b0_T6_Catalina.dmg] | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Chelsio | |||
|T540-BT | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|× | |||
|align="center"|× | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" | 4 | |||
|align="center" colspan="7"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="3"| ✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| × | |||
|align="center" | 26W | |||
|[https://www.chelsio.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Adapter-Selector-Card.pdf] | |||
|[https://service.chelsio.com/store2/T5/Network%20Driver%20(NIC)/Mac%20OS%20X/cxgb-1.24.5b0/cxgb-1.24.5b0_T6_Catalina.dmg] | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Digitus | |||
|DN-3025<br>USB-C | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|× | |||
|align="center"|× | |||
|align="center" | 1 | |||
|align="center" colspan="7"| ✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="5"| ✅ | |||
|0,1–2,5W | |||
|[https://www.digitus.info/produkte/computer-und-office-zubehoer/computer-zubehoer/usb-komponenten-und-zubehoer/netzwerk-adapter/dn-3025/] | |||
|[https://www.realtek.com/zh-tw/component/zoo/category/network-interface-controllers-10-100-1000m-gigabit-ethernet-usb-3-0-software] | |||
|RTL8156 | |||
|align="right" colspan="3"| 41€ „USB Type-C Gigabit Ethernet Adapter 2.5G“ | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Edimax | |Edimax | ||
|EN-9320TX-E | |EN-9320TX-E | ||
|align=" | |align="center"|✓ | ||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" | 1 | |align="center" | 1 | ||
|align="center" colspan="4"| × | |align="center" colspan="4"| × | ||
|align="center" colspan="3"| ✓ | |align="center" colspan="3"| ✓ | ||
|align="center" colspan="2"| × | |||
|align="center" | ? | |align="center" | ? | ||
|align="center" | ? | |align="center" | ? | ||
Zeile 69: | Zeile 574: | ||
|align="right" | 96€ | |align="right" | 96€ | ||
|- | |- | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Intel | ||
| | |X550-T2 | ||
|align="right"| | |align="center"|✓ | ||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" | 2 | |||
|align="center" colspan="10"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| ✅ | |||
| | |||
|colspan="4"|ab macOS 12 Monterey++ | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|QNAP | |||
|QXG-10G1T | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" | 1 | |||
|align="center" colspan="7"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="5"| ✅ | |||
| | |||
|[https://shop.qnap.com/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=250] | |||
| | |||
|AQC-107 | |||
|align="right" | | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|QNAP | |||
|QNA-T310G1T | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" | 1 | |align="center" | 1 | ||
|align="center" colspan="7"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan=" | |align="center" colspan="5"| ✅ | ||
|align="center" colspan="5"| | | | ||
|[https://www.qnap.com/de-de/product/qna-tb-10gbe/specs/hardware] | |||
| | | | ||
|[https://www. | |AQC-107 | ||
| | |align="right" | Thunderbolt 3 | ||
| | |||
|align="right" | | |||
|- | |- | ||
|- | |- | ||
|StarTech | |StarTech | ||
|ST5GPEXNB | |ST5GPEXNB | ||
|align=" | |align="center"|✓ | ||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|× | |||
|align="center" | 1 | |align="center" | 1 | ||
| | |align="center" colspan="4"| × | ||
|align="center" colspan="5"| | |align="center" colspan="5"| ✓ | ||
|align="center" colspan=" | |align="center" colspan="2"| × | ||
|align="center"| ? | |align="center"| ? | ||
| | |4,5W | ||
|[https://www.startech.com/media/products/ST5GPEXNB/PDFs/ST5GPEXNB_Datasheet.pdf] [https://sgcdn.startech.com/005329/media/sets/ST5GPEXNB_Manual/ST5GPEXNB_1-port_PCIe_quick_start_guide.pdf] | |[https://www.startech.com/media/products/ST5GPEXNB/PDFs/ST5GPEXNB_Datasheet.pdf] [https://sgcdn.startech.com/005329/media/sets/ST5GPEXNB_Manual/ST5GPEXNB_1-port_PCIe_quick_start_guide.pdf] | ||
|[https://sgcdn.startech.com/005329/media/sets/tn4010_Mac_drivers/%5BTehuti%20TN4010%5D%20Mac%20PCIe%2010%20Gigabit%20Network%20Card.zip] | |[https://sgcdn.startech.com/005329/media/sets/tn4010_Mac_drivers/%5BTehuti%20TN4010%5D%20Mac%20PCIe%2010%20Gigabit%20Network%20Card.zip] | ||
Zeile 106: | Zeile 646: | ||
|Small Tree | |Small Tree | ||
|P2E10G-1-T | |P2E10G-1-T | ||
|align=" | |align="center"|? | ||
|align="center"|? | |||
|align="center"|? | |||
|align="center"|? | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| | |||
|align="center" | 1 | |align="center" | 1 | ||
| | |align="center" colspan="8"| ✓ | ||
|align="center" colspan=" | |align="center" colspan="2"| ✅⁴ | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Zeile 120: | Zeile 665: | ||
|Small Tree | |Small Tree | ||
|P2E10G-2-T | |P2E10G-2-T | ||
|align=" | |align="center"|? | ||
|align="center"|? | |||
|align="center"|? | |||
|align="center"|? | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| | |||
|align="center" | 2 | |align="center" | 2 | ||
| | |align="center" colspan="8"| ✓ | ||
|align="center" colspan=" | |align="center" colspan="2"| ✅⁴ | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Zeile 134: | Zeile 684: | ||
|Small Tree | |Small Tree | ||
|P3E10G-4-T | |P3E10G-4-T | ||
|align=" | |align="center"|? | ||
|align="center"|? | |||
|align="center"|? | |||
|align="center"|? | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| | |||
|align="center" | 4 | |align="center" | 4 | ||
| | |align="center" colspan="8"| ✓ | ||
|align="center" colspan=" | |align="center" colspan="2"| ✅⁴ | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Zeile 146: | Zeile 701: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Sonnet Tech | ||
| | |Solo10G G10E-2X-E3 | ||
|align=" | |align="center"|✓ | ||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| | |||
|align="center" | 2 | |align="center" | 2 | ||
| | |align="center" colspan="2"| × | ||
|align="center" colspan=" | |align="center" colspan="8"| ✓ | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|Intel | |Intel | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Sonnet Tech | ||
| | |Solo G10E-1X-E3 | ||
|align=" | |align="center"|✓ | ||
|align="center" | | |align="center"|✓ | ||
| | |align="center"|✓ | ||
|align="center" colspan=" | |align="center"|✓ | ||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| | |||
|align="center" | 1 | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="8"| ✓ | |||
| | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |||
⁴: Die Small Tree könnten als Intel-Karten theoretisch mit dem ab macOS 12 eingebauten Intel-Treiber laufen, ungetestet | |||
== SFP+-Buchse-Ethernet-Karten == | |||
✅ : Treiber in macOS ab Werk vorhanden, keine Installation nötig<br> | |||
✓ : Treiber verfügbar, muss installiert werden | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="2"|Hersteller | |||
!rowspan="2"|Modell | |||
!colspan="7"|GbE | |||
!rowspan="2"|Anz. Ports | |||
!colspan="13"|Mac OS X / macOS Treiber | |||
!rowspan="2"|Strom | |||
!rowspan="2"|Specs | |||
!rowspan="2"|Treiber-DL | |||
!rowspan="2"|Chip | |||
!rowspan="2"|Preis | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
!0,1 | |||
!1 | |||
!10 | |||
!25 | |||
!40 | |||
!50 | |||
!100 | |||
!10.6 | |||
!10.7 | |||
!10.8 | |||
!10.9 | |||
!10.10 | |||
!10.11 | |||
!10.12 | |||
!10.13 | |||
!10.14 | |||
!10.15 | |||
!12 | |||
!13 | |||
!14 | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Mellanox/Nvidia | |||
|ConnectX-4/5/6 | |||
|align="center"| | |||
|align="center"| | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"| | |||
|align="center"| | |||
|align="center"| | |||
|align="center" | 2 | |||
|align="center" colspan="10"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="1"| ✅ | |||
|16 –<br>22W | |||
|[https://www.chelsio.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Adapter-Selector-Card.pdf] | |||
|[https://service.chelsio.com/store2/T5/Network%20Driver%20(NIC)/Mac%20OS%20X/cxgb-1.24.5b0/cxgb-1.24.5b0_T6_Catalina.dmg] | |||
| | |||
|align="right" | | |||
|-|- | |||
|Chelsio | |||
|T62100-xx | |||
|align="center"| | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" | 2 | |||
|align="center" colspan="7"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="3"| ✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="1"| | |||
|16 –<br>22W | |||
|[https://www.chelsio.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Adapter-Selector-Card.pdf] | |||
|[https://service.chelsio.com/store2/T5/Network%20Driver%20(NIC)/Mac%20OS%20X/cxgb-1.24.5b0/cxgb-1.24.5b0_T6_Catalina.dmg] | |||
| | |||
|align="right" | | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Chelsio | |||
|T6225-xx | |||
|align="center"| | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="3"| | |||
|align="center" | 2 | |||
|align="center" colspan="7"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="3"| ✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="1"| | |||
|13 –<br>15W | |||
|[https://www.chelsio.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Adapter-Selector-Card.pdf] | |||
|[https://service.chelsio.com/store2/T5/Network%20Driver%20(NIC)/Mac%20OS%20X/cxgb-1.24.5b0/cxgb-1.24.5b0_T6_Catalina.dmg] | |||
| | |||
|align="right" | | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Chelsio | |||
|T540-LP-CR | |||
|align="center"| | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="4"| | |||
|align="center" | 4 | |||
|align="center" colspan="7"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="3"| ✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="1"| | |||
|11W | |||
|[https://www.chelsio.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Adapter-Selector-Card.pdf] | |||
|[https://service.chelsio.com/store2/T5/Network%20Driver%20(NIC)/Mac%20OS%20X/cxgb-1.24.5b0/cxgb-1.24.5b0_T6_Catalina.dmg] | |||
| | |||
|align="right" | | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Chelsio | |||
|T520-SO-CR | |||
|align="center"| | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="4"| | |||
|align="center" | 2 | |||
|align="center" colspan="7"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="3"| ✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="1"| | |||
| 9W | |||
|[https://www.chelsio.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Adapter-Selector-Card.pdf] | |||
|[https://service.chelsio.com/store2/T5/Network%20Driver%20(NIC)/Mac%20OS%20X/cxgb-1.24.5b0/cxgb-1.24.5b0_T6_Catalina.dmg] | |||
| | |||
|align="right" | | |||
|- | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Chelsio | ||
| | |T580-LP-CR | ||
|align=" | |align="center"| | ||
|align="center" | | |align="center"| | ||
| | |align="center"|✓ | ||
|align="center" colspan=" | |align="center"| | ||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| | |||
|align="center" | 2 | |||
|align="center" colspan="12"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="1"| | |||
|17W | |||
|[https://www.chelsio.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Adapter-Selector-Card.pdf] | |||
|[https://service.chelsio.com/store2/T5/Network%20Driver%20(NIC)/Mac%20OS%20X/cxgb-1.24.5b0/cxgb-1.24.5b0_T6_Catalina.dmg] | |||
| | | | ||
|align="right" | | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Intel | |||
|X520 | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="4"| | |||
|align="center" | 2 | |||
|align="center" colspan="10"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| ✅ | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | |macOS Monterey 12.x++ | ||
| | | | ||
|align="right" | | |||
|- | |- | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |QNAP | ||
| | |QNA-T310G1S | ||
|align=" | |align="center"|✓ | ||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="4"| | |||
|align="center" | 1 | |align="center" | 1 | ||
| | |align="center" colspan="7"| × | ||
|align="center" colspan=" | |align="center" colspan="5"| ✅ | ||
|align="center" colspan="1"| | |||
| | |||
|[https://www.qnap.com/de-de/product/qna-tb-10gbe/specs/hardware] | |||
| | | | ||
|AQC-107 | |||
|align="right" | Thunderbolt 3 | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Solarflare | |||
|SFN5122F | |||
|align="center"| | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="4"| | |||
|align="center" | 2 | |||
|align="center" colspan="3"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="5"| ✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| × | |||
|align="center" | ? | |||
|align="center" | ? | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | |[http://archive.3rz.de/Apple/Mac/Driver/Network/SF-111621-LS-1_Solarflare_OS_X_Driver_Package_OS_X_10.9_-_Signed.dmg] | ||
| | | | ||
|align="right" |gebr. ~50€ | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Edimax | |||
|EN-9320SFP+ | |||
|align="center"|? | |||
|align="center"|? | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="4"| | |||
|align="center" | 1 | |||
|align="center" colspan="4"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="3"| ✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="3"| | |||
|align="center" | ? | |||
|align="center" | ? | |||
|align="center" | ? | |||
|4,5W | |||
|[https://www.edimax.com/edimax/mw/cufiles/files/download/datasheet/EN-9320SFP-plus_Datasheet_English.pdf] | |||
|[https://www.edimax.com/edimax/mw/cufiles/files/download/Driver_Utility/EN-9320SFP_Mac_1.0.0.2.zip] | |||
|Tenuti TN4010 | |||
|align="right" | 112€ | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|StarTech | |||
|PEX10000SFP | |||
|align="center"| | |||
|align="center"| | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="4"| | |||
|align="center" | 1 | |||
|align="center" colspan="4"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="5"| ✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="4"| | |||
|align="center" | ? | |||
|4,5W | |||
|[https://www.startech.com/media/products/PEX10000SFP/PDFs/PEX10000SFP_Datasheet-DE.pdf] | |||
|[https://sgcdn.startech.com/005329/media/sets/tn4010_Mac_drivers/%5BTehuti%20TN4010%5D%20Mac%20PCIe%2010%20Gigabit%20Network%20Card.zip] | |||
|Tenuti TN4010 | |||
|align="right" | 199€ | |||
|- | |- | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Small Tree | |Small Tree | ||
|P2E10G-2- | |P2E10G-2-XR | ||
|align=" | |align="center"|✓ | ||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="4"| | |||
|align="center" | 2 | |align="center" | 2 | ||
|align="center" colspan="10"| ✓ | |align="center" colspan="10"| ✓ | ||
|align="center" colspan="2"| ✅⁴ | |||
|align="center" colspan="1"| | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Zeile 214: | Zeile 1.002: | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Small Tree | |Small Tree | ||
| | |P3E10G-4-XR | ||
|align=" | |align="center"|✓ | ||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="4"| | |||
|align="center" | 4 | |align="center" | 4 | ||
|align="center" colspan="10"| ✓ | |align="center" colspan="10"| ✓ | ||
|align="center" colspan="2"| ✅⁴ | |||
|align="center" colspan="1"| | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Zeile 228: | Zeile 1.019: | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Small Tree | |Small Tree | ||
| | |P3E10G-6-XR | ||
|align=" | |align="center"|✓ | ||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="4"| | |||
|align="center" | 6 | |align="center" | 6 | ||
|align="center" colspan="10"| ✓ | |align="center" colspan="10"| ✓ | ||
|align="center" colspan="2"| ✅⁴ | |||
|align="center" colspan="1"| | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Zeile 242: | Zeile 1.036: | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Sonnet Tech | |Sonnet Tech | ||
|Presto G10E-SFP-2XA-E2 | |Presto G10E-SFP-2XA-E2 | ||
|align=" | |align="center"|? | ||
|align="center"|? | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="4"| | |||
|align="center" | 2 | |align="center" | 2 | ||
| | |align="center" colspan="2"| × | ||
|align="center" colspan=" | |align="center" colspan="8"| ✓ | ||
|align="center" colspan="3"| | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Zeile 270: | Zeile 1.053: | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Sonnet Tech | |Sonnet Tech | ||
|Presto G10E-SFP-E | |Presto G10E-SFP-E | ||
|align=" | |align="center"|? | ||
|align="center"|? | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="4"| | |||
|align="center" | 1 | |align="center" | 1 | ||
| | |align="center" colspan="2"| × | ||
|align="center" colspan=" | |align="center" colspan="8"| ✓ | ||
|align="center" colspan="3"| | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Zeile 284: | Zeile 1.070: | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Sonnet Tech | |Sonnet Tech | ||
|Presto G10E-SFP-2X-E2 | |Presto G10E-SFP-2X-E2 | ||
|align=" | |align="center"| | ||
|align="center"| | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="4"| | |||
|align="center" | 2 | |align="center" | 2 | ||
| | |align="center" colspan="2"| × | ||
|align="center" colspan=" | |align="center" colspan="8"| ✓ | ||
|align="center" colspan="3"| | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Zeile 298: | Zeile 1.087: | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Sonnet Tech | |Sonnet Tech | ||
|Solo G10E-1X-E3 | |Solo G10E-SFP-1X-E3 | ||
|align=" | |align="center"| | ||
|align="center"| | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="4"| | |||
|align="center" | 1 | |align="center" | 1 | ||
| | |align="center" colspan="2"| × | ||
|align="center" colspan=" | |align="center" colspan="8"| ✓ | ||
|align="center" colspan="3"| | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Zeile 312: | Zeile 1.104: | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Sonnet Tech | |Sonnet Tech | ||
| | |Twin25G | ||
|align=" | |align="center"| | ||
|align="center" | | |align="center"| | ||
| | |align="center"| | ||
|align="center" colspan=" | |align="center"|✓ | ||
| | |align="center" colspan="3"| | ||
|align="center" | 2 | |||
|align="center" colspan="11"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="1"| ✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="1"| | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|[http://www.sonnettech.com/support/kb/kb.php?cat=635&expand=&action=a3#a3] | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
⁴: Die Small Tree könnten als Intel-Karten theoretisch mit dem ab macOS 12 eingebauten Intel-Treiber laufen, ungetestet | |||
== LC-Glas-Buchse-Ethernet-Karten == | |||
✅ : Treiber in macOS ab Werk vorhanden, keine Installation nötig<br> | |||
✓ : Treiber verfügbar, muss installiert werden | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="2"|Hersteller | |||
!rowspan="2"|Modell | |||
!rowspan="2"|1GbE | |||
!rowspan="2"|10GbE | |||
!rowspan="2"|Anz. Ports | |||
!colspan="12"|Mac OS X / macOS Treiber | |||
!rowspan="2"|Strom | |||
!rowspan="2"|Specs | |||
!rowspan="2"|Treiber-DL | |||
!rowspan="2"|Chip | |||
!rowspan="2"|Preis | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
!10.6 | |||
!10.7 | |||
!10.8 | |||
!10.9 | |||
!10.10 | |||
!10.11 | |||
!10.12 | |||
!10.13 | |||
!10.14 | |||
!10.15 | |||
!12 | |||
!13 | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Small Tree | |||
|P2E10G-1-SR | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" | 1 | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="8"| ✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| ✅⁴ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|Intel i8259x | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Small Tree | |||
|P2E10G-2-SR | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" | 2 | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="8"| ✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| ✅⁴ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|Intel i8259x | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Small Tree | |||
|P2E10G-4-SR | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" | 4 | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="8"| ✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| ✅⁴ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|Intel i8259x | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
|Small Tree | |||
|P2E10G-6-SR | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center"|✓ | |||
|align="center" | 6 | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| × | |||
|align="center" colspan="8"| ✓ | |||
|align="center" colspan="2"| ✅⁴ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|Intel i8259x | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
³: MacPro1,1 (2006) Achtung, nicht jede Karte läuft hier, bspw. die Small Tree nicht; Solarflare läuft dagegen. | |||
⁴: Die Small Tree könnten als Intel-Karten theoretisch mit dem ab macOS 12 eingebauten Intel-Treiber laufen, ungetestet | |||
* | == Gebrauchtkauf == | ||
* Intel X520 (SFP+) oder X550-T2 (RJ45), mit eingebautem Treibersupport ab macOS 12.x Monterey, ab ~70€ | |||
* Chelsio 320 oder 420 auf eBay, 10 GBit/s mit Treibersupport bis macOS 10.15, ab ~30-50€ | |||
* | |||
= Thunderbolt2/3-Gehäuse = | |||
* Akitio | |||
* SonnetTech | |||
* … | |||
= Netzwerk-Parameter = | = Netzwerk-Parameter = | ||
Zeile 371: | Zeile 1.254: | ||
sudo sysctl -w kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=8388608 | sudo sysctl -w kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=8388608 | ||
Die ''sysctl''s muss man noch in ein Script stecken, das man per ''launchd'' bei jedem Systemstart ausführen läßt – obige Befehle setzen das nur temporär, d.h. nach einem Neustart sind obige Parameter wieder auf Werkseinstellungen zurückgesetzt. | Die ''sysctl''s muss man noch in ein Script stecken, das man per ''launchd'' bei jedem Systemstart ausführen läßt – obige Befehle setzen das nur temporär, d.h. nach einem Neustart sind obige Parameter wieder auf Werkseinstellungen zurückgesetzt. Bis 10.14 einschließlich konnte man es auch nach ''/etc/sysctl.conf'' packen, ab 10.15 hat Apple die Datei als ''veraltet'' markiert. | ||
Weiteres Tuning für ein paar Prozent mehr: die MTU von 1500 auf 9000 Bytes stellen: Netzwerk-Kontrollfeld am Mac, unter Debian Linux in /etc/network/interfaces im Interface ein 'mtu 9000'). Allerdings muss der Switch hier mitspielen, sonst geht die Performance kräftig runter, nicht hoch. | Weiteres Tuning für ein paar Prozent mehr: die MTU von 1500 auf 9000 Bytes stellen: Netzwerk-Kontrollfeld am Mac, unter Debian Linux in /etc/network/interfaces im Interface ein 'mtu 9000'). Allerdings muss der Switch hier mitspielen, sonst geht die Performance kräftig runter, nicht hoch. | ||
Zeile 379: | Zeile 1.262: | ||
* [https://www.sonnettech.com/product/thunderbolt/index.html Sonnet-Thunderbolt-Adapter] | * [https://www.sonnettech.com/product/thunderbolt/index.html Sonnet-Thunderbolt-Adapter] | ||
* [https://www.small-tree.com/categories/10gb-ethernet-cards/ Small-Tree-10GbE-Karten] | * [https://www.small-tree.com/categories/10gb-ethernet-cards/ Small-Tree-10GbE-Karten] | ||
* [https://www.sonnettech.com/support/downloads/manuals/macOS_Catalina_Compatibility.pdf Sonnet Tech-Karten & macOS Catalina 10.15] | |||
* [https://www.chelsio.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Adapter-Selector-Card.pdf Chelsio Product Selector] - Übersicht der aktuell verkauften Karten | |||
== 10GbE++ Switches & Router == | |||
* [[QNAP-Switches]] | |||
* [[Quanta-Switches]] | |||
* [[Mikrotik-Switches]] | |||
[[Kategorie: Hardware]] | [[Kategorie: Hardware]] | ||
[[Kategorie: Netzwerk]] | [[Kategorie: Netzwerk]] | ||
[[Kategorie: Mac OS X]] | [[Kategorie: Mac OS X]] |
Aktuelle Version vom 25. Mai 2024, 20:22 Uhr
Wer denkt, dass Gigabit schon ganz gut schnell ist, hat vielleicht übersehen, dass nicht zu teure SSDs des Jahres 2024 etwa 7 GBytes/s übertragen, per Gigabit-Ethernet aber nur 0,1 GBytes/s drin sind. Da fehlt mehr als eine ganze Dezimalstelle. Wer also professionell oder zum Spaß gerne eine schnellere Datenübertragung möchte, hat inzwischen einige Optionen, mit denen man für etwa 100€ immerhin 1 GBytes/s erreicht (10 GBit/s), für etwa 400€ dann knapp 4 GBytes/s (40 GBit/s). Und am neuen Mac Pro sind für etwa 900€ dann knapp 10 GBytes/s Netwerkdurchsatz drin.
tl;dr: Kauftipp
Thunderbolt 3/4-Gehäuse plus Mellanox/Nvidia ConnectX-4/5/6-Karten (25/50/100 GBit/s, QSFP). Die Karten werden ab macOS Sonoma (14.x) nativ von macOS unterstützt. Mehr als 25 GBit/s sind Stand 2024 nicht drin, daher lohnen die „großen“ Karten mit 50 oder gar 100 GBit/s nicht im externen Gehäuse, sondern nur im Mac Pro.
Direktverbindung per Thunderbolt ohne Netzwerk-Switches oder -Karten
Außer Netzwerkkarten zu kaufen, kann man Macs per Thunderbolt-Kabel auch direkt miteinander verbinden, Software-seitig sieht das dann wie eine 10 GBit/s Verbindung aus, und wird wie ein normales Ethernet-Interface im Netzwerk-Kontrollfeld konfiguriert. Wer also max. 5 Macs mit einander verbinden möchte, braucht weder Karten, noch Switches kaufen, sondern kann mit 4 Thunderbolt-Kabeln eine Verbindung herstellen.
Von Apple angeboten wird der „Thunderbolt 3 (USB-C) to Thunderbolt 2"-Adapter, Model A1790, der bidirektional Thunderbolt3-nach-Thunderbolt2 adaptiert. Man kann damit Thunderbolt1/2-Geräte mit Thunderbolt-3-Geräten verbinden.
Netzwerk-Optionen
2.5 bis 100 GbE (5GBASE-T, 10GBASE-T, 10G SFP+ …) kann man inzwischen komfortabel am Mac unter macOS / Mac OS X betreiben. 25GBE und 40GbE brauchen qua I/O–Bandbreite einen Mac Pro oder Thunderbolt 3 oder neuer für volle Auslastung, 100GbE geht nur am Mac Pro, da bei Thunderbolt 3 bei 40 GBit/s Schluss ist.
I/O-Bandbreiten verschiedener Macs
Übersicht der verfügbaren Schnittstellen-Bandbreiten, die ggfs. limitierender Faktor für Netzwerkkarten sind. Aufgenommen sind Modelle ab 2014, außer bei den Mac Pros, die alle aufgeführt sind.
Modell | Jahr(e) | Ethernet ab Werk bis zu | Schnittstelle ⌁ Generation ⌁ GBit/s ⌁ Lanes | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thunderbolt | PCIe | ||||||||||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 1.x | 2.x | 3.x | 4.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | ||||||||
10 | 20 | 40 | 2.5 (×1) |
10 (×4) |
40 (×16) |
20 (×4) |
80 (×16) |
39 (×4) |
78 (×8) |
150 (×16) |
310 (×16) |
630 (×16) |
1200 (×16) | ||||
Mac Pro 1,1 & 2,1 |
2006-2007 | 2× 1 GBit/s | – | 1× | 2×¹ | 1× | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||
Mac Pro 3,1 |
2008 | 2× 1 GBit/s | – | – | 2× | – | – | 2× | – | – | – | – | |||||
Mac Pro 4,1 & 5,1 |
2009-2012 | 2× 1 GBit/s | – | – | 2× | 2× | – | – | – | – | |||||||
Mac Pro 6,1 |
2013 | 2× 1 GBit/s | – | 6ײ | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
Mac Pro 7,1 |
2019 | 2× 10 GBit/s | – | – | 6× | – | – | – | 1× | 2× | 5× | – | – | – | |||
Mac Pro 8,x |
2023 | 2× 10 GBit/s | – | – | – | 8× | – | – | – | 6× | – | – | |||||
Mac mini 7,1 |
2014 | 1 GBit/s | – | 2× | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
Mac mini 8,1 |
2018 | 10 GBit/s (CTO) | – | – | 4× | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
iMac 14,4 & 15,1 & 16,x & 17,1 |
2014-2015 | 1 GBit/s | – | 2× | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
iMac 18,x & 19,x |
2017-2019 | 1 GBit/s | – | – | 2× | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
iMac 20,1 & 20,2 |
2020 | 10 GBit/s (CTO) | – | – | 2× | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
iMac Pro 1,1 |
2017 | 10 GBit/s | – | – | 4× | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
MacBook Pro 11,x |
2014-2015 | – | – | 1× | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
MacBook Pro 13,x-16,x |
2016-2020 | – | – | – | 1-2× | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
MacBook Air 6,x |
2014 | – | 1× | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
MacBook Air 7,x |
2015-2017 | – | – | 1× | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
MacBook Air 8,x (Intel) |
2018-2020 | – | – | – | 1× | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
MacBook 8,x-10,x |
2015-2017 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
MacBook Air 10,1 (M1) |
Late 2020 | – | – | – | 2× | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
MacBook Pro 13" M1 |
– | ||||||||||||||||
Mac mini M1 |
10 GBit/s (CTO) | ||||||||||||||||
Mac mini M2 |
2022 | ||||||||||||||||
Mac mini M2 Pro |
10 GBit/s (CTO) | 4× | |||||||||||||||
Mac Studio (M1 Max) | 2022 | 10 GBit/s | – | – | 4× | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
Mac Studio (M1 Ultra) | 6× | ||||||||||||||||
Mac Studio (M2 Max) | 2023 | 10 GBit/s | – | – | 4× | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
Mac Studio (M2 Ultra) | 6× |
¹: Mac Pro 2006-2007: PCIe-Lanes in Maßen umverteilbar zwischen Slots
²: Mac Pro 2013: pro TB2-Port nicht 20 GBit/s, sondern ~12 GBit/s: zuwenig PCIe-lanes im Chipsatz
Ab Werk
… von Apple mit 2.5 / 5 / 10 GbE-Netzwerk (Ethernet via 8P8C bzw. RJ45) verfügbar sind …
Mac mini
- Mac mini 2018 (Core i) – konnte beim Kauf als CTO mit 10GBASE-T konfiguriert werden
- Mac mini 2023 (M1) – konnte beim Kauf als CTO mit 10GBASE-T konfiguriert werden
- Mac mini 2023 (M2) – kann beim Kauf als CTO mit 10GBASE-T konfiguriert werden
- Mac Studio M1 Pro/Max 2022 – 10GBASE-T, 8P8C / RJ45 10 GbE
- Mac Studio M2 Pro/Max 2023 – 10GBASE-T, 8P8C / RJ45 10 GbE
iMac
- iMac Pro 2017 – 10GBASE-T, 8P8C / RJ45 10 GbE
- iMac 2020 – konnte beim Kauf als CTO mit 10GBASE-T konfiguriert werden
(AQC-107 Chipsatz)
Mac Pro
- Mac Pro 2019 – Dual 10GBASE-T, 8P8C / RJ45 10 GbE
- Mac Pro 2023 – Dual 10GBASE-T, 8P8C / RJ45 10 GbE
Karten
Nachrüsten kann man mit …
8P8C / RJ45-Buchse-Ethernet-Karten
✅ : Treiber in macOS ab Werk vorhanden, keine Installation nötig
✓ : Treiber verfügbar, muss installiert werden
Hersteller | Modell | GbE | Anz. Ports | Mac OS X- / macOS-Treiber | Strom | Specs | Treiber-DL | Chip | Preis | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0,1 | 1 | 2,5 | 5 | 10 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 10.10 | 10.11 | 10.12 | 10.13 | 10.14 | 10.15 | 12 | 13 | ||||||||||
Akitio | AKTPCIE10GB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 1 | × | ✅ | [1] | AQC-107 | |||||||||||||||
Allnet | ALL0138-1-10G-TX | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 1 | × | ✓ | × | ? | ? | ? | 4,5W | [2] | [3] | Tenuti TN4010 | 129€ | ||||||||
Chelsio | T520-BT | ✓ | ✓ | × | × | ✓ | 2 | × | ✓ | × | 20W | [4] | [5] | |||||||||||||
Chelsio | T540-BT | ✓ | ✓ | × | × | ✓ | 4 | × | ✓ | × | 26W | [6] | [7] | |||||||||||||
Digitus | DN-3025 USB-C |
✓ | ✓ | ✓ | × | × | 1 | ✓ | ✅ | 0,1–2,5W | [8] | [9] | RTL8156 | 41€ „USB Type-C Gigabit Ethernet Adapter 2.5G“ | ||||||||||||
Edimax | EN-9320TX-E | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 1 | × | ✓ | × | ? | ? | ? | 4,5W | [10] | [11] | Tenuti TN40xx | 96€ | ||||||||
Intel | X550-T2 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 2 | × | ✅ | ab macOS 12 Monterey++ | ||||||||||||||||
QNAP | QXG-10G1T | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 1 | × | ✅ | [12] | AQC-107 | |||||||||||||||
QNAP | QNA-T310G1T | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 1 | × | ✅ | [13] | AQC-107 | Thunderbolt 3 | ||||||||||||||
StarTech | ST5GPEXNB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | × | 1 | × | ✓ | × | ? | 4,5W | [14] [15] | [16] | Tenuti TN4010 | 180€ | ||||||||||
Small Tree | P2E10G-1-T | ? | ? | ? | ? | ✓ | 1 | ✓ | ✅⁴ | Intel i8259x | ||||||||||||||||
Small Tree | P2E10G-2-T | ? | ? | ? | ? | ✓ | 2 | ✓ | ✅⁴ | Intel i8259x | ||||||||||||||||
Small Tree | P3E10G-4-T | ? | ? | ? | ? | ✓ | 4 | ✓ | ✅⁴ | Intel i8259x | ||||||||||||||||
Sonnet Tech | Solo10G G10E-2X-E3 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 2 | × | ✓ | Intel | ||||||||||||||||
Sonnet Tech | Solo G10E-1X-E3 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 1 | × | ✓ |
⁴: Die Small Tree könnten als Intel-Karten theoretisch mit dem ab macOS 12 eingebauten Intel-Treiber laufen, ungetestet
SFP+-Buchse-Ethernet-Karten
✅ : Treiber in macOS ab Werk vorhanden, keine Installation nötig
✓ : Treiber verfügbar, muss installiert werden
Hersteller | Modell | GbE | Anz. Ports | Mac OS X / macOS Treiber | Strom | Specs | Treiber-DL | Chip | Preis | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0,1 | 1 | 10 | 25 | 40 | 50 | 100 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 10.10 | 10.11 | 10.12 | 10.13 | 10.14 | 10.15 | 12 | 13 | 14 | |||||||||
Mellanox/Nvidia | ConnectX-4/5/6 | ✓ | ✓ | 2 | × | × | ✅ | 16 – 22W |
[17] | [18] | ||||||||||||||||||
Chelsio | T62100-xx | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 2 | × | ✓ | × | 16 – 22W |
[19] | [20] | ||||||||||||||
Chelsio | T6225-xx | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 2 | × | ✓ | × | 13 – 15W |
[21] | [22] | |||||||||||||||||
Chelsio | T540-LP-CR | ✓ | ✓ | 4 | × | ✓ | × | 11W | [23] | [24] | ||||||||||||||||||
Chelsio | T520-SO-CR | ✓ | ✓ | 2 | × | ✓ | × | 9W | [25] | [26] | ||||||||||||||||||
Chelsio | T580-LP-CR | ✓ | ✓ | 2 | × | 17W | [27] | [28] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Intel | X520 | ✓ | 2 | × | ✅ | macOS Monterey 12.x++ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
QNAP | QNA-T310G1S | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 1 | × | ✅ | [29] | AQC-107 | Thunderbolt 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Solarflare | SFN5122F | ✓ | ✓ | 2 | × | ✓ | × | ? | ? | [30] | gebr. ~50€ | |||||||||||||||||
Edimax | EN-9320SFP+ | ? | ? | ✓ | 1 | × | ✓ | ? | ? | ? | 4,5W | [31] | [32] | Tenuti TN4010 | 112€ | |||||||||||||
StarTech | PEX10000SFP | ✓ | 1 | × | ✓ | ? | 4,5W | [33] | [34] | Tenuti TN4010 | 199€ | |||||||||||||||||
Small Tree | P2E10G-2-XR | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 2 | ✓ | ✅⁴ | Intel i8259x | ||||||||||||||||||||
Small Tree | P3E10G-4-XR | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 4 | ✓ | ✅⁴ | Intel i8259x | ||||||||||||||||||||
Small Tree | P3E10G-6-XR | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 6 | ✓ | ✅⁴ | Intel i8259x | ||||||||||||||||||||
Sonnet Tech | Presto G10E-SFP-2XA-E2 | ? | ? | ✓ | 2 | × | ✓ | Intel | ||||||||||||||||||||
Sonnet Tech | Presto G10E-SFP-E | ? | ? | ✓ | 1 | × | ✓ | [35] | Myricom | |||||||||||||||||||
Sonnet Tech | Presto G10E-SFP-2X-E2 | ✓ | 2 | × | ✓ | [36] | Myricom | |||||||||||||||||||||
Sonnet Tech | Solo G10E-SFP-1X-E3 | ✓ | 1 | × | ✓ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Sonnet Tech | Twin25G | ✓ | 2 | × | ✓ | [37] |
⁴: Die Small Tree könnten als Intel-Karten theoretisch mit dem ab macOS 12 eingebauten Intel-Treiber laufen, ungetestet
LC-Glas-Buchse-Ethernet-Karten
✅ : Treiber in macOS ab Werk vorhanden, keine Installation nötig
✓ : Treiber verfügbar, muss installiert werden
Hersteller | Modell | 1GbE | 10GbE | Anz. Ports | Mac OS X / macOS Treiber | Strom | Specs | Treiber-DL | Chip | Preis | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10.6 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 10.10 | 10.11 | 10.12 | 10.13 | 10.14 | 10.15 | 12 | 13 | ||||||||||
Small Tree | P2E10G-1-SR | ✓ | ✓ | 1 | × | ✓ | ✅⁴ | Intel i8259x | |||||||||||||
Small Tree | P2E10G-2-SR | ✓ | ✓ | 2 | × | ✓ | ✅⁴ | Intel i8259x | |||||||||||||
Small Tree | P2E10G-4-SR | ✓ | ✓ | 4 | × | ✓ | ✅⁴ | Intel i8259x | |||||||||||||
Small Tree | P2E10G-6-SR | ✓ | ✓ | 6 | × | ✓ | ✅⁴ | Intel i8259x |
³: MacPro1,1 (2006) Achtung, nicht jede Karte läuft hier, bspw. die Small Tree nicht; Solarflare läuft dagegen. ⁴: Die Small Tree könnten als Intel-Karten theoretisch mit dem ab macOS 12 eingebauten Intel-Treiber laufen, ungetestet
Gebrauchtkauf
- Intel X520 (SFP+) oder X550-T2 (RJ45), mit eingebautem Treibersupport ab macOS 12.x Monterey, ab ~70€
- Chelsio 320 oder 420 auf eBay, 10 GBit/s mit Treibersupport bis macOS 10.15, ab ~30-50€
Thunderbolt2/3-Gehäuse
- Akitio
- SonnetTech
- …
Netzwerk-Parameter
Verbessern der macOS-TCP-Kernel-Parameter:
sysctl -w net.inet.tcp.sendspace=2097152 sysctl -w net.inet.tcp.recvspace=2097152 sysctl -w net.inet.tcp.delayed_ack=2
Bei sehr alten macOS-Versionen (vor 10.11) prüfen, ob der 'maxsockbuf' mind. 4 MB groß ist:
sudo sysctl kern.ipc.maxsockbuf
Wenn er 'kleiner' ist, dann auf 4 MB oder 8 MB stellen:
sudo sysctl -w kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=4194304
oder
sudo sysctl -w kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=8388608
Die sysctls muss man noch in ein Script stecken, das man per launchd bei jedem Systemstart ausführen läßt – obige Befehle setzen das nur temporär, d.h. nach einem Neustart sind obige Parameter wieder auf Werkseinstellungen zurückgesetzt. Bis 10.14 einschließlich konnte man es auch nach /etc/sysctl.conf packen, ab 10.15 hat Apple die Datei als veraltet markiert.
Weiteres Tuning für ein paar Prozent mehr: die MTU von 1500 auf 9000 Bytes stellen: Netzwerk-Kontrollfeld am Mac, unter Debian Linux in /etc/network/interfaces im Interface ein 'mtu 9000'). Allerdings muss der Switch hier mitspielen, sonst geht die Performance kräftig runter, nicht hoch.
Links
- Sonnet-PCIe-Karten
- Sonnet-Thunderbolt-Adapter
- Small-Tree-10GbE-Karten
- Sonnet Tech-Karten & macOS Catalina 10.15
- Chelsio Product Selector - Übersicht der aktuell verkauften Karten